病歷翻譯要求譯員保證精確性、嚴謹性，出一點差錯可能會影響到身體健康，世聯(lián)翻譯公司為大家分享病歷翻譯有哪些需要注意的問題?

　　Medical record translation requires translators to ensure accuracy and preciseness. A little mistake may affect health. What should we pay attention to in medical record translation?

　　1.醫(yī)學(xué)用詞翻譯，難在縮寫和慣用法

　　1. Abbreviations and idioms are difficult to translate

　　醫(yī)學(xué)專有名詞汗牛充棟，有一些單詞甚至長達十幾個字母，或許僅僅差一兩個字母便是兩種徹底不同的含義。最讓翻譯為難的是，醫(yī)生常常為了記載方便，使用了不規(guī)范的寫法，如在病歷中寫到BP160/89mmHg。有醫(yī)學(xué)布景的人一看便能明白BP為bloodpressure(血壓)的縮寫，但是一般人因不具有必定醫(yī)學(xué)布景，很難辨認。

　　There are a lot of medical proper nouns, some words are even more than ten letters long, maybe just one or two letters short is two completely different meanings. What makes the translation most difficult is that doctors often use nonstandard writing methods for the convenience of recording, such as bp160 / 89mmhg in medical records. People with medical settings can understand BP as the abbreviation of blood pressure at a glance, but it is difficult for ordinary people to recognize BP because they do not have certain medical settings.

　　即便在同一個國家，不同區(qū)域的醫(yī)生對醫(yī)學(xué)術(shù)語的慣用法也有所不同。美國中部、東部和西部，英文習(xí)氣就存在差異，美國各州的醫(yī)院對病理科常用語也會不同，如安德森癌癥醫(yī)院和麻省總醫(yī)院的習(xí)氣用語有時就不同。所以對醫(yī)學(xué)翻譯來說，面對的應(yīng)戰(zhàn)很大：不只要力求精確規(guī)范，還要力爭更契合國外醫(yī)院醫(yī)生的表達習(xí)氣。

　　Even in the same country, doctors in different regions have different usage of medical terms. In the central, Eastern and western parts of the United States, there are differences in English idioms. Hospitals in various states in the United States often use different idioms for pathology, such as Anderson Cancer Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital. Therefore, for medical translation, there is a big challenge: not only strive to be precise and standardized, but also strive to be more in line with the expression habits of foreign hospital doctors.

　　由此可見，譯者有必要具有必定的醫(yī)學(xué)布景，不然胡亂翻譯，勢必會給患者及宗族的就醫(yī)帶來困擾，這從根柢上說是對患者健康的不擔(dān)任。如果要精雕細鏤，就要學(xué)會國外醫(yī)生習(xí)氣表達用語和臨床常用縮寫，讓病歷翻譯更規(guī)范更專業(yè)，更契合國外醫(yī)生的閱覽習(xí)氣，也能前進翻譯功率。

　　Therefore, it is necessary for translators to have a certain medical background, otherwise random translation will inevitably bring trouble to patients and clans, which is fundamentally not responsible for the health of patients. If we want to elaborate, we should learn the idiomatic expressions and clinical abbreviations of foreign doctors, so as to make the translation of medical records more standardized and professional, more in line with the reading habits of foreign doctors, and advance the translation power.

　　2.醫(yī)生筆跡大意，要求譯者具有辨字才能

　　2. The doctor's handwriting is careless and requires the translator to have the ability to distinguish words

　　不可否認，許多醫(yī)生們的筆跡確實很難辨認。他們在書寫病歷時并不是一筆一劃地寫，而是采用簡寫詞或職業(yè)術(shù)語。比如，維生素簡寫為VE，倘若再用大意的筆跡書寫，許多人會想到醫(yī)生書寫的是漢字，而實際上則是英文字母。但醫(yī)生仍是能看懂其他同行寫的病歷。為什么醫(yī)生能看懂別的醫(yī)生書寫的病歷，而其別人不能。原因是這樣的：關(guān)于一個熟知某一范疇的大夫來說，平常用藥及處理方案都是通用的，別人的用藥及處理方式與之相差無幾，他們之所以能看懂徹底賴的是自己的閱歷，并不是受過特別的筆跡書寫練習(xí)。

　　It is undeniable that the handwriting of many doctors is really hard to recognize. When they write medical records, they don't write them one stroke at a time, but use abbreviations or professional terms. For example, vitamin is abbreviated as ve. If you write in careless handwriting, many people will think that doctors write Chinese characters, but in fact they write English letters. But doctors can still read medical records written by other colleagues. Why can a doctor understand the medical records written by other doctors while others can't. The reason is as follows: for a doctor who is familiar with a certain field, the usual medication and treatment plan are common, and others' medication and treatment methods are almost the same. The reason why they can understand thoroughly is their own experience, not special handwriting practice.

　　從這一點可以看出，手寫病歷翻譯過程中，譯者的專業(yè)素質(zhì)對譯文精確的重要性。如果沒有醫(yī)療專業(yè)布景，單憑自己去辨認筆跡，翻譯的效果往往欠安。

　　It can be seen from this that in the process of translating handwritten medical records, the translator's professional quality is of great importance to the accuracy of the translation. If there is no medical professional setting, the effect of translation is often not satisfactory.

　　3.差錯的翻譯讓國外醫(yī)生“水中望月”

　　3. Wrong translation makes foreign doctors "watch the moon in the water"

　　曾經(jīng)有國外醫(yī)生拿著一份我國患者的英文病歷陳述古怪地問某位專業(yè)醫(yī)學(xué)譯者說：“這是什么癌?是不是我國新發(fā)現(xiàn)了我還不知道的癌癥?”本來，這份病歷上寫著“spraydoorcancer”，字面意思是“噴門癌”。譯者看了中文病歷原文后，覺得啼笑皆非：本來中文病歷上的病種是賁門癌，應(yīng)翻譯為“carcinomaofgastriccardia”，難怪國外醫(yī)生看不懂了。

　　Once, a foreign doctor took an English medical record of a patient in China and asked a professional medical translator strangely, "what kind of cancer is this? Is it a cancer newly discovered in China that I still don't know?" originally, the medical record was written "spray door cancer", which literally means "spout door cancer". After reading the original Chinese medical record, the translator thinks that the disease in the original Chinese medical record is cardiac cancer, which should be translated as "cardiac cancer of gastric cardia". No wonder foreign doctors can't understand it.

　　類似這樣的笑話許多，用這樣的病歷來看病的患者一般都是隨意找個翻譯公司翻譯的，有的甚至是拉個過了英語專業(yè)八級的學(xué)生，翻譯人員并沒有專業(yè)的醫(yī)學(xué)布景，所以病歷翻譯得非常不正規(guī)也不專業(yè)，國外醫(yī)生根柢看不懂，而這樣的后果只能是耽誤疾病的醫(yī)治或?qū)е虏铄e的診療成果。

　　There are many jokes like this. Patients who use such medical records to see a doctor are usually translated by a translation company at will. Some of them even pull a student who has passed CET-8. The translators have no professional medical settings, so the medical records translation is very informal and unprofessional. Foreign doctors can't understand it at all, and the result can only delay the treatment or treatment of the disease Results of diagnosis and treatment leading to errors.

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